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Hi guys,
due to covid I decided to get my collection straight. I got about thirty or more sets, mainly Star Wars some Dinosaur and City too and some other weird ones. The collection wasn't build and all bricks are in boxes. So I started to sort them. First by color then by form, I thought this would be enough to build all my set accurately with the correct bricks. Then I saw that some bricks have other bottoms and that the colors vary pretty much. I tried to sort by color at day light, which did not work so well.
Now the drowning begins. I want to make sure, when I'm building a set that it has the correct bricks which it ones had. I need help with this, especially with the colors. Maybe cleaning would help. But how should I proceed after that? I thought of using some program that detects color, like the pipette in Photoshop. But I could not find some like that.
So please guys. How do you sort your bricks precisely by color and did you ever heard of some program that may help.
Thanks in advance.

1
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My first advice would be don’t sort by color. Think about how difficult it will be to find a particular shape brick in a pile that is all the same color. It is much easier to pick out the color you want in a pile of identical (or similar) bricks. Sorting by color starts to make sense only when you have a very large collection. I have a medium sized collection, and I only sort into color “categories”, like monochrome, or bright vs. muted colors when I have filled up a bin with the mixed colors and I don’t want to use a bigger bin.
That being said, it also doesn’t make sense to sort into every possible different brick/shape. There are just too many. When you don’t have a large quantity, it’s better to combine similar types together. For example, all 1 wide plates, all 2 wide plates, all 4 wide plates, 6 wide, 8 wide, etc.
https://www.lowes.com/pd/CRAFTSMAN-Bin-System-39-Compartment-Plastic-Small-Parts-Organizer/1000578341?cm_mmc=shp-_-c-_-prd-_-tol-_-google-_-lia-_--_-toolstorage-_-1000578341-_-0&store_code=645&placeholder=null&gclsrc=aw.ds&&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI87jC1fKp6QIVmYvICh1DkwYqEAQYASABEgItGvD_BwE
https://www.homedepot.com/p/TAFCO-Product-60-Compartment-Small-Parts-Organizer-Red-DSOR60TRD/305216983
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003P2UOCO/ref=cm_sw_r_em_apa_i_BxeUEb584EWZY
To answer your other questions, Aside from learning what bricks (bottom tube shape) are from which era, it may be difficult to find the "exact" piece. I had a bulk lot I purchased that spanned from the 80's to current. The 2x4 bricks were the most notable in that there were a handful of different tube types. I finally sorted out all the 2x4's (or other elements that had noticeable differences) and then sorted those by the different versions of the bricks. I then used tools such as Brickset and Bricklink to narrow down the years those types were in production, and pieced it together from there. Not a quick method, but one that worked.
Color can also be difficult. The differences between Dark Gray and Dark Bluish Gray or Light Gray and Light Bluish Gray can be really touch to separate. You're best bet is to find a few pieces (the larger the better) that you KNOW are of one color, and then use those as your color palette to compare against. For the grays, I've gone as far as to lay down white paper or a tablecloth and have bright lights handy. For me at least, the white background and bright lights tend to help me see the differences more easily.
You'll likely also run into issues with Brown and Reddish Brown.
A lot of the other color variations are easily enough to distinguish (in my personal experience).
Hopefully some of this helps you in your quest!
Surprising cheap at Harbour Freight.
I think sorting by colour is the best way, but a massive advantage it has is when sorting out a bunch of mixed up Lego. It is relatively simple and mindless to do a pre-sort of a huge amount of lego into colour. You can then sort each individual colour at your leisure another day. Conversly, when sorting by piece, it's a lot more daunting and involved a task to do so when starting with a huge pile of unsorted brick.
I've posted the following pic in the past, but it shows how I've put individual colours into PaB cups awaiting for a more fine-toothed sort another day. Over lockdown it was also quite satisfying to think "right... I'll get all my greens finished today" etc.
I guess sorting by colour also works well with small collections, because if you end up with too much of one colour to find anything easily, it's pretty simple and organic to just say "ok.... I'll put all the pack plates in one drawer, black bricks in a second drawer and everything else black in a third.
Its all about cost and more importantly storage space. I have been sorting by color only because of the multitude of different parts and the lack of small storage to hold them all. Sure I can use Ziploc bags, but I think part bins work far better, but considering how expensive part bins can be, I think sorting by color-at least at first- if you either have space or cost restrictions is likely the better way to go. I have a bunch of bins but still need to find the space for them, where as I can pile up bins or parts sorted by color more readily.